Netzwerktools
dig
Der Terminal-Befehl dig liefert alle DNS-Informationen zu einer bestimmten Domain. Die möglichen Optionen liefert dig -h:
friedmar@fhubuntu:~$ dig -h
Usage: dig [@global-server] [domain] [q-type] [q-class] {q-opt}
{global-d-opt} host [@local-server] {local-d-opt}
[ host [@local-server] {local-d-opt} [...]]
Where: domain is in the Domain Name System
q-class is one of (in,hs,ch,...) [default: in]
q-type is one of (a,any,mx,ns,soa,hinfo,axfr,txt,...) [default:a]
(Use ixfr=version for type ixfr)
q-opt is one of:
-x dot-notation (shortcut for reverse lookups)
-i (use IP6.INT for IPv6 reverse lookups)
-f filename (batch mode)
-b address[#port] (bind to source address/port)
-p port (specify port number)
-q name (specify query name)
-t type (specify query type)
-c class (specify query class)
-k keyfile (specify tsig key file)
-y [hmac:]name:key (specify named base64 tsig key)
-4 (use IPv4 query transport only)
-6 (use IPv6 query transport only)
-m (enable memory usage debugging)
d-opt is of the form +keyword[=value], where keyword is:
+[no]vc (TCP mode)
+[no]tcp (TCP mode, alternate syntax)
+time=### (Set query timeout) [5]
+tries=### (Set number of UDP attempts) [3]
+retry=### (Set number of UDP retries) [2]
+domain=### (Set default domainname)
+bufsize=### (Set EDNS0 Max UDP packet size)
+ndots=### (Set NDOTS value)
+edns=### (Set EDNS version)
+[no]search (Set whether to use searchlist)
+[no]showsearch (Search with intermediate results)
+[no]defname (Ditto)
+[no]recurse (Recursive mode)
+[no]ignore (Don't revert to TCP for TC responses.)
+[no]fail (Don't try next server on SERVFAIL)
+[no]besteffort (Try to parse even illegal messages)
+[no]aaonly (Set AA flag in query (+[no]aaflag))
+[no]adflag (Set AD flag in query)
+[no]cdflag (Set CD flag in query)
+[no]cl (Control display of class in records)
+[no]cmd (Control display of command line)
+[no]comments (Control display of comment lines)
+[no]question (Control display of question)
+[no]answer (Control display of answer)
+[no]authority (Control display of authority)
+[no]additional (Control display of additional)
+[no]stats (Control display of statistics)
+[no]short (Disable everything except short
form of answer)
+[no]ttlid (Control display of ttls in records)
+[no]all (Set or clear all display flags)
+[no]qr (Print question before sending)
+[no]nssearch (Search all authoritative nameservers)
+[no]identify (ID responders in short answers)
+[no]trace (Trace delegation down from root)
+[no]dnssec (Request DNSSEC records)
+[no]nsid (Request Name Server ID)
+[no]sigchase (Chase DNSSEC signatures)
+trusted-key=#### (Trusted Key when chasing DNSSEC sigs)
+[no]topdown (Do DNSSEC validation top down mode)
+[no]multiline (Print records in an expanded format)
global d-opts and servers (before host name) affect all queries.
local d-opts and servers (after host name) affect only that lookup.
-h (print help and exit)
-v (print version and exit)
Eine erste Information für die Auflösung eines Internetnamens liefert bereits die Syntax dig host:
friedmar@fhubuntu:~$ dig wiki.bf1705.de ; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> wiki.bf1705.de ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 3902 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;wiki.bf1705.de. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: wiki.bf1705.de. 1510 IN A 82.165.48.237 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: bf1705.de. 60436 IN NS ns66.1und1.de. bf1705.de. 60436 IN NS ns65.1und1.de. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns65.1und1.de. 1562 IN A 217.160.82.171 ns66.1und1.de. 1562 IN A 217.160.83.171 ;; Query time: 10 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.178.1#53(192.168.178.1) ;; WHEN: Sun Jul 24 19:21:39 2011 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 124